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Natural Killer Cell Endometrial Biopsy
Natural Killer Cell Endometrial Biopsy
Natural killer cells (NK cells) form part of the body’s immune system. They help the body fight infection. Every organ has NK cells to protect it, including the uterus (womb). NK cells in the uterus are known as uNK cells.
The natural killer cells in the uterus function in a different way to natural killer cells in the rest of the body. We don’t completely understand yet what role uterine natural killer cells have, but it is thought that in some women, a hyperactive immune system within the uterine cavity may be present. This may reduce the rate of embryo survival or slow down a successful growth of the placenta to feed the fetus leading to recurrent implantation failures in IVF treatments or recurrent miscarriages.
uNK cells also help blood vessels to develop, which make sure that the baby gets a good supply of oxygen and nutrients during pregnancy. A NK cell biopsy test measures your level of NK cells. If you do decide to go ahead with tests or treatment, please be aware that the treatment is still considered experimental. It’s still not clear what the optimal level of uNK cells is and what is the best way to correct any imbalance. Your doctor will need to request the test and review the results.
Frequently Asked Questions:
Evidence suggests treatment to suppress the immune system may be of benefit for women with raised uKC. Treatment for abnormal NK cells includes medications that are often used to treat conditions that affect the immune system (known as autoimmune diseases).
Before deciding whether or not to have tests, it’s important to know that there are some issues with these tests:
- There is a lack of evidence about the exact role that NK cells have in causing miscarriage.
- There are no official guidelines for what ‘normal’ NK cell activity is.